Wrist Ligament Reconstruction

Disease Overview

The human wrist is made up of small bones joined together by a band of tough fibrous tissue known as ligaments. Ligaments also join the bones in our wrist to the radius, ulna, and metacarpal bones, and aid in the proper functioning of our wrist.

Any injury to the ligaments disturbs the normal alignment of our wrist bones, causing them to wear out faster, resulting in significant pain and eventually leading to arthritis.

Indications of Wrist Ligament Reconstruction

Surgical treatment in the form of wrist ligament reconstruction may be indicated in cases where the wrist ligament is completely torn. The ligament will usually need to be reconstructed when ligament damage is noted after a period of 6 months or more after the initial injury.

Wrist Ligament Reconstruction Procedure

Ligament reconstruction procedure can be performed as day surgery under local or general anaesthesia.

During the procedure, your surgeon first makes an incision over your wrist joint to locate the torn ligament. Once located, a tendon graft (tissue obtained from a donor part, usually the palmaris longus tendon of the same wrist) is used to replace the torn ligament. The tendon is harvested through the bottom of your wrist via one or two minor incisions. Your surgeon may then place metal pins to support the repair while healing occurs. The surgical incisions are closed, and dressing is applied. The pins are usually removed 6 to 8 weeks after the surgery. Your doctor will guide you through your postoperative period including wound care, medications, activity restrictions and follow-up.

Postoperative Care after Wrist Ligament Reconstruction

Your surgeon will place a cast or a splint that immobilises the wrist until it is healed completely. The operated wrist should be elevated to prevent excessive swelling and pain. Ice wrapped in a cloth can be applied over the operated area that helps to reduce swelling. You will be prescribed antibiotics to prevent infection and medications to reduce pain. Always remember to keep the operated area clean and dry to prevent infection. Exercises are performed to strengthen the wrist and rebuild your strength.

Risks and Complications of Wrist Ligament Reconstruction 

Some of the risks possible after wrist ligament reconstruction include infection, swelling, damage to the nearby nerves or tissues during surgery, irritation from foreign material such as pins, and stiffness, which can be treated through postoperative rehabilitation.